Delhi Sultanate - Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (AH720-725) Gold Tanka

Sultanate - Delhi - Jats - Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (AH720-725 / 1320-1325AD)
Year: 
Mint:
Weight:
Reference: Poole# 

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left

Obverse (field)
al-sultan al-ghazi
the sultan, the slayer of infedels
ghiyath al-dunya wa'l din
supporter of the world and the faith (laqab or epithet)
abu'l muzaffar
father of the victorious one (kunya)












Reverse (field)
tughluq shah 
tughluq shah
al-sultan nasir
the sultan defender
amir al-mu’minin
commander of the faithful

Reverse (marginal segments)

Delhi Sultanate - Nasir al-Din Mahmud (AH644-664)

Sultanate - Delhi - Turks - Nasir al-Din Mahmud (AH644-664 / 1246-1266AD)
Year:
Mint:
Weight:
Reference: Poole# 

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left

Obverse (field)
al-sultan al-a'zam
the supreme sultan
nasir al-dunya wa'l din
defender of the world and the faith (laqab or epithet)
abu'l muzaffar mahmud
father of the victorious one (kunya), mahmud
ibn al-sultan
son of the sultan (pedigree)

Obverse (marginal segments)








Reverse (field)
fi ‘ahd al-imam
in the time of the imam
al-musta’sim amir
al-musta’sim, commander
al-mu’minin
of the faithful

Reverse (marginal segments)

Delhi Sultanate - Sher Shah Suri (AH949)

Sultanate - Delhi - Suri Dynasty (Afghans) - Sher Shah Suri (AH946-952 / 1539-1545AD)
Year: AH949
Mint: ?
Weight:?
Reference: Poole# ?

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse (field)


Obverse (marginal segments)


Reverse (field)


Reverse (marginal segments)



Official Title:
Farid al-Din Sher Shah ibn Miyan Hasan Sur

Punchmark Karshapana #1 : Sun - Peacock - Chakra - Crescent Hill - Hand - Triskele

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Sun
Peacock
Sadara Chakra (Alternate Arrows & Taurines)
Hill with a Crescent
Hand in a Square

Reverse:
Triskele (Four Taurines around a Pellet)
Triskele (Three Edges)

Punchmark Karshapana #7 : Three Human Figures - Pellet Surrounded by Circles & Fishes

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Three Figures

Note: On such coins (with 3 figures), Sun & Chakra are not present.

Reverse:
Pellet Surrounded by Two Semicircles & Two Fishes

Punchmark Karshapana #6 : Hill / Stupa - Fish - Sun - Dumb-bell

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Hill or Stupa
Fishes
Sun

Reverse:
Hill with Crescent
Dumb-bell

Punchmark Karshapana #5 : Scale / Steelyard - Sun - Peacock - Crescent Hill - Chakra

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Scale or Steelyard
Sun
Peacock on Hill
Hill with a Crescent
Dharma Chakra (with Taurine Heads)

Reverse:
Peacock on Hill

Punchmark Karshapana #4 : Snake - Sun - Triskele

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Snake
Triskele
Sun

Punchmark Karshapana #3 : Chakra - Hand - Hill - Receptacl e- Sun - Caduceus - Taurine

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Dharma Chakra
Hand in a Square
Hill
Raised Receptacle of Food for Birds (Taurine Heads on both Sides)
Sun

Reverse:
Caduceus or Double Snakes

Punchmark Karshapana #2 : Sun - Scale / Steelyard - Crescent Hill - Peacock - Chakra

In clockwise direction from 12'o clock position:

Obverse:
Sun
Scale or Steelyard
Hill with a Crescent
Peacock on Hill
Dharma Chakra

Reverse:
Peacock on Hill

Delhi Sultanate - Sher Shah Suri (AH946)

Sultanate - Delhi - Suri Dynasty (Afghans) - Sher Shah Suri (AH946-952 / 1539-1545AD)
Year: AH946
Mint: Mintless
Weight: 10.91
Reference: Poole# 525

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse (field)
shah
sher
al-sultan khallada
allah mulkahu 946
श्री सेर साही
the sultan sher shah, may god perpetuate his sovereignty, 946, shri ser sahi

Obverse (marginal segments)
at 12 abu’l-muzaffar, at 3 farid, at 6 al-dunya, at 9 wa’l-din
father of the victorious, unique one of the world and of the faith

Reverse (field)
la ilah illa allah
muhammad rasul allah
al-sultan al-adil
no god but god, muhammad is the messenger of god, the just sultan

Reverse (marginal segments)
at 12 abu bakr, at 3 'umar, at 6 ‘uthman, at 9 'ali
the names of the four “Rightly Guided” Caliphs


Official Title:
Farid al-Din Sher Shah ibn Miyan Hasan Sur

Delhi Sultanate - Mu'izz ud-Din Qaiqabad (AH686-689)

Sultanate - Delhi - Slave/Mamluk Dynasty - Mu'izz ud-Din Qaiqabad (AH686-689 / 1287-1290AD)
Year: ND
Mint: Dehli (in the margin, not visible on coin)
Weight: 10.91

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
al-sultan al-a'zam
mu'izz al-dunya wa'l din
abu'l muzaffar kaiqubad
al-sultan

Reverse
al-imam
al-must'asim amir
al-mu'minin

* Both obv/rev margins not seen

Aurangzeb (AH1071 / RY4) - Patna

Mughal - Aurangzeb (AH1068-1118 / 1658-1707AD)
Year: AH1071 / RY4
Mint:Patna
Weight: 11.34
KM# 297.6

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse

abu al-zafar muhy-al-din

1071
muhammad (top straight line)
bahadur aurangzeb alamgir
-i (bottom straight line)
padshah ghazi-

Reverse
dar al khilafat shahjahanabad
zarb manus
maimanat
julus 4
sanah

Official Title:
Al-Sultan al-A'zam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Hazrat Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi

Bikanir - Maharaja Ganga Singh Bahadur & Queen Victoria (1892AD)

India Princely Rajputana State - Bikanir - Maharaja Ganga Singh Bahadur INO Queen Victoria (18-18AD)
Year: 1892AD
Mint: Bikanir
Weight: 11.5
KM # 72

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left

Obverse
VICTORIA EMPRESS

Reverse
ONE RUPEE
म हा रा जा (Maharaja)
गंगा सिंह बहादुर (Ganga Singh Bahadur)
(iswy) 1892
sanah bahadar
ganga singh
maharaj
BIKANIR STATE

Note: 'ayn' before date indicates 'iswy' in hindi which in turn means AD

Indore - Shivaji Rao Holkar (VS1947)

India Princely State - Indore - Tukoji Rao III (VS1960-19183 / 1903-1926AD)
Year: VS1947 (AH1890)
Mint: Indore
Weight: 11.18
KM# 44

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
shah alam
sikkah
mubarak indore

Reverse
maharaj shivaji rao holkar (in circle around sun)
1947

Official Title:
Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Tukojirao III Holkar XIII Bahadur

Baroda - Malhar Rao (AH1288)

India Princely State - Baroda - Malhar Rao Gaekwad (AH1287-1292 / 1870-1875AD)
Year: AH1288
Mint: Baroda
Weight: 11.41
KM Y# 21

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
sikkah mubara-
-k
sena khas khel
shamsher
bahadar

Reverse
माा गाा (Devanagari 'maa' for Malharrao & 'Gaa' for Gaekwad)
1282 scimitar
zarb ('b' is straight line)
sanah
baroda

Official Title:
H.H. Shrimant Maharaja Sir Khanderao II Gaekwad, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur, Maharaja of Baroda

'Sena Khas Khel' means 'Champion Swordsman'
'Shamsher Bahadur means 'Chief of the Special Troops'

Reference: 4 Rupees Nazrana below shows the full die.

Jodhpur - Bijay Singh & Shah Alam II (AH1180)

India Princely Rajputana State - Jodhpur - Bijay Singh INO Shah Alam II (1828-1866AD / VS1885-1923)
Year: AH1180
Mint: Pali (with the pseudo mint name Dar al-Mansur Jodhpur)
Weight: 11.23
KM Not Listed

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
shah alam
-i (top straight line)
badshah ghaz-
sikkah mubarak

Reverse
dar-al-mansoor jodhpur
zarb
manus
maimanat
julus

Kotah - Ram Singh II & Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar (ND / RY18)

India Princely Rajputana State - Kotah - Ram Singh II (1828-1866AD / VS1885-1923)
Year: ND / RY18
Mint: Nandgaon
Weight: 11.21
KM C# 32

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
muhammad shah bahadur
-i (1st straight line)
badshah ghaz-
sikkah mubarak

Reverse
manus
maimanat
sanah 18 julus
zarb nandgaon

Reference: Nazrana Rupee below shows the full die.

Bengal Presidency - 'ino' Shah Alam (AH1210 / RY16-39) - Muhammadabad Banaras

Colonial - Bengal Presidency - INO Shah Alam
Year: AH121(0) / RY17-37
Mint: Muhammadabad Banaras
Weight: 11.24
KM# 40.1

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
elah hami din muhammad
fazl (1st straight line)
shah alam badshah
sikkah (2nd straight line)
zad bar haft 1121 kishwar sayaye

Reverse
muhammadabad
maimanat (1st straight line)
julus 37 sanah 17 manus
zarb ('b' is 2nd straight line)
banaras (dot of 'n' and top of 'r' is seen)

Note: Mint name is Muhammadabad Banaras. Muhammadabad is on top and Banaras is at the bottom.

Meanings:
Sikka Zad Bar Haft Kishwar Sayaye Fazl Shah Alam Badshah Elah Hami Din Mohammad 
Struck his coin (Sikka) on the seven (Haft) climes (Kishwar), Shadow (Sayaye) of the Divine favour, Shah Alam Emperor (Badshah), Defender (Hami) of Muhammad's religion (Din). 

Zarb Muhammadabad Banaras Sanah 17-37 Julus Maimanat Manus
Stuck at Muhammadabad Banaras in the 17-37th year (sanah) of his tranquil prosperous reign (julus).

Reference: Nazrana Mohur below shows the full die.

Shah Alam Bahadur (AH1120 / RY2) - Dar-al-Khilafah Shahjahanabad

Mughal - Shah Alam Bahadur (AH1119-1124 / 1707-171AD)
Year: AH1120 / RY2
Mint: Shahjahanabad (Delhi)
Weight: 11.34
KM# 347.18

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
ghazi
-shah ('sha' 1st straight line)
alam bad-
shah ('sha' is 2nd straight line)
sikkah sanah 1120

Reverse
-jahanabad
shah- ('sha' 1st straight line)
dar al khilafah
zarb ('b' is 2nd straight line)
sanah 2 mubarak

Official Title:
Sahib-i-Quran Muazzam Shah Alamgir Sani Abu Nasir Sayid Qutbuddin Abu'l Muzaffar Muhammad Muazzam Shah Alam Bahadur Shah I Padshah Ghazi (Khuld Manzil)

Farrukhsiyar (AH1125 / RY2) - Dar-al-Khilafah Shahjahanabad

Mughal - Farrukhsiyar (AH1124-1131 / 1713-1719AD)
Year: AH(11)25 / RY2
Mint: Shahjahanabad
Weight: 11.24
KM# 377.55

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse

bahr o bar farrukh siyar

badshah (straight line)

haq bar sim o zar

az fazl

sikkah zad 25

Bahr-o-Bar couplet - Struck coin on silver and gold by the grace of the truth; monarch of sea and land, Farrukhsiyar.

Reverse
dar al khilafat shahjahanabad
zarb
julus maimanat manus
sanah 2

Official Title:
Abu'l Muzaffar Muin ud-din Muhammad Shah Farrukh-siyar Alim Akbar Sani Wala Shan Padshah-i-bahr-u-bar [Shahid-i-Mazlum]

Aurangzeb (AH1093 / RY25) - Surat

Mughal - Aurangzeb (AH1068-1118 / 1658-1707AD)
Year: AH1093 / RY25
Mint: Surat
Weight: 11.47
KM# 300.86

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
alamgir
aurangzeb 1093
shah (1st straight line)
zad cho badr-e-munir
sikkah (2nd straight line)
dar jahan

Bard-e-Munir couplet - Stamped coin, in the world, like the bright full Moon, Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir.

Reverse
manus
maimanat (1st almost straight line)
sanah 25 julus
zarb ('b' is 2nd straight line)
surat

Official Title:
Al-Sultan al-A'zam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Hazrat Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi

Shah Alam Bahadur (AH1119 / Ahad) - Lakhnau

Mughal - Shah Alam Bahadur (AH1119-1124 / 1707-171AD)
Year: AH(1119) / Ahad (RY1)
Mint: Lakhnau
Weight: 11.43
KM# 347.14

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
ghazi
-shah (straight line)
shah alam bad-

Reverse
manus
maimanat
sanah ahad julus
zarb lakhnau

Official Title:
Sahib-i-Quran Muazzam Shah Alamgir Sani Abu Nasir Sayid Qutbuddin Abu'l Muzaffar Muhammad Muazzam Shah Alam Bahadur Shah I Padshah Ghazi (Khuld Manzil)

Akbar (Alif - AH1000) - Urdu Zafar Qarin

Mughal - Akbar (AH963-1014 / 1556-1605AD)
Year: AH1000
Mint: Urdu Zafar Qarin
Weight: 11.26
KM# 82.8

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
la ilaha ill-allah (there is no god but allah)
muhammad
rasul allah (messenger of allah)

Reverse
khald allah talah mulk wa saltanat (may allah on high perpetuate his kingdom)
alif (1000)
muhammad akbar badshah
jalaluddin ghazi (glory of the faith, fighter against the infidels)
zarb urdu zafar qarin (struck at the camp associated with the victory)

Note: 'urdu zafar qarin' means 'camp (urdu) associated (qarin) with victory (zafar)'

Official Title:
Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar

Bengal Presidency - 'ino' Shah Alam (ND / RY45 Frozen) - Farrukhabad

Colonial - Bengal Presidency - INO Shah Alam
Year: ND / RY45 (Frozen)
Mint: Farrukhabad
Weight: 11.62
KM# 70
Edge: Vertical Milling

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
elah hami din muhammad
-shah
sayaye fazl shah alam bad-
sikkah
zad bar haft kishwar

Reverse
manus
maimanat
sanah 45 julus
zarb
farrukhabad


Meanings:
Sikka Zad Bar Haft Kishwar Sayaye Fazl Shah Alam Badshah Elah Hami Din Mohammad 
Struck his coin (Sikka) on the seven (Haft) climes (Kishwar), Shadow (Sayaye) of the Divine favour, Shah Alam Emperor (Badshah), Defender (Hami) of Muhammad's religion (Din). 

Zarb Farrukhabad Sanah 45 Julus Maimanat Manus
Stuck at Farrukhabad in the 45th year of his tranquil prosperous reign.

Maratha Confederacy - 'ino' Shah Alam (AH1202 / RY31) - Ravishnagar Sagar

Independent Kingdom - Maratha Confederacy - INO Shah Alam
Year: AH(1202) / RY31
Mint: Ravishnagar Sougar
Weight: 11.05
KM# 292 (prev 239)

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
elah muhammad shah alam badshah (dot below 'b' of badshah seen)
sayaye fazl hami din 
sikkah
zad bar kaft kishwur 

Reverse
manus
maimanat
sanah 31 julus
zarb ravishnagar sagar

Bundi - Ram Singh & Queen Victoria (1858AD / VS1915)

India Princely Rajputana State - Bundi - Ram Singh (AH1236-1306 / 1824-1889AD / VS1878-1946)
Year: 1858AD / VS1915
Mint: Bundi
Weight: 11.02
KM Y# 6

Inscription: Read top-to-bottom & right-to-left
Obverse
VIC
TORIA
QUEEN
1858

Reverse (in Devanagari)
रंगेश
भक्त बुंदीश
राम सिंह 
1915

Note: 'रंगेश भक्त' means 'Follower of Lord Vishnu'

Official Title:
Maharao Raja Ram Singh Sahib Bahadur

Reference: Nazrana Mohur below shows the full die.